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Erlotinib Hydrochloride

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Tên thương mại: Erlotinib

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Tablet
Đường dùng
ORAL
Nhà sản xuất
ARMAS PHARMACEUTICALS INC.

About This Medication

11 DESCRIPTION Erlotinib a kinase inhibitor, is a quinazolinamine with the chemical name N-(3-ethynylphenyl)-6,7bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-quinazolinamine Hydrochloride. Erlotinib contains erlotinib as the hydrochloride salt that has the following structural formula: Erlotinib hydrochloride has the molecular formula C 22 H 23 N 3 O 4 •HCl and a molecular weight of 429.90. The molecule has a pKa of 5.4. Erlotinib hydrochloride is slightly soluble in Dimethyl sulfoxide, Dimethyl formamide and Methanol. Aqueous solubility of erlotinib hydrochloride is dependent on pH with increased solubility at a pH of less than 5 due to protonation of the secondary amine. Over the pH range of 1.4 to 9.6, maximal solubility of approximately 1.69 mg/mL occurs at a pH of approximately 2. Erlotinib tablets for oral administration are available in three dosage strengths containing erlotinib hydrochloride (27.3 mg, 109.3 mg and 163.9 mg) equivalent to 25 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg erlotinib and the following inactive ingredients: micro crystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, sodium starch glycolate, sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, and finished tablets are coated with opadry white[Y-5-7068] contains following ingredients hypromellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol Er-des

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Erlotinib Hydrochloride -

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1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Erlotinib tablet is a kinase inhibitor indicated for: The treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test receiving first-line, maintenance, or second or greater line treatment after progression following at least one prior chemotherapy regimen ( 1.1 ) First-line treatment of patients with locally advanced, unrespectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer, in combination with gemcitabine. ( 1.2 ) Limitations of Use: Safety and efficacy of erlotinib tablets have not been established in patients with NSCLC whose tumors have other EGFR mutations. ( 1.1 ) Erlotinib tablets are not recommended for use in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. ( 1.1 ) 1.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Erlotinib Tablets was indicated for: The treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test receiving first-line, maintenance, or second or greater line treatment after progression following at least one prior chemotherapy regimen [see Clinical Studies (14.1 , 14.3) ] . Limitations of use: Safety and efficacy of erlotinib have not been established in patients with NSCLC whose tumors have other EGFR mutations [see Clinical Studies (14.1, 14.2) ]. Erlotinib tablet is not recommended for use in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy [see Clinical Studies ( 14.4 )]. 1.2 Pancreatic Cancer Erlotinib tablet in combination with gemcitabine is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer [see Clinical Studies (14.5) ] .

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12.1 Mechanism of Action Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is expressed on the cell surface of both normal and cancer cells. In some tumor cells signaling through this receptor plays a role in tumor cell survival and proliferation irrespective of EGFR mutation status. Erlotinib reversibly inhibits the kinase activity of EGFR, preventing autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues associated with the receptor and thereby inhibiting further downstream signaling. Erlotinib binding affinity for EGFR exon 19 deletion or exon 21 (L858R) mutations is higher than its affinity for the wild type receptor. Erlotinib inhibition of other tyrosine kinase receptors has not been fully characterized.

Liều dùng & Cách dùng

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION NSCLC: 150mg orally, on an empty stomach, once daily ( 2.2 ) Pancreatic cancer: 100 mg orally, on an empty stomach, once daily. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Selection of Patients with Metastatic NSCLC Select patients for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with erlotinib tablets based on the presence of EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations in tumor or plasma specimens [see Clinical Studies (14.1 , 14.2) ] . If these mutations are not detected in a plasma specimen, test tumor tissue if available. Information on FDA-approved tests for the detection of EGFR mutations in NSCLC is available at: http://www.fda.gov/CompanionDiagnostics . 2.2 Recommended Dose – NSCLC The recommended daily dose of erlotinib tablets for NSCLC is 150 mg taken on an empty stomach, i.e., at least one hour before or two hours after the ingestion of food. Treatment should continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs. 2.3 Recommended Dose – Pancreatic Cancer The recommended daily dose of erlotinib tablets for pancreatic cancer is 100 mg taken once daily in combination with gemcitabine. Take erlotinib tablet on an empty stomach, i.e., at least one hour before or two hours after the ingestion of food. Treatment should continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs [see Clinical Studies (14.5) ] . 2.4 Dose Modifications Adverse Reactions Pulmonary † Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Discontinue Erlotinib tablet During diagnostic evaluation for possible ILD Withhold Erlotinib tablet * Hepatic † Severe hepatic toxicity that does not improve significantly or resolve within three weeks Discontinue Erlotinib tablets In patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or biliary obstruction for doubling of bilirubin or tripling of transaminases values over baseline Withhold Erlotinib tablet * and consider discontinuation In patients without pre-existing hepatic impairment for total bilirubin levels greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal or transaminases greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal Withhold Erlotinib tablet * and consider discontinuation Renal † For severe (CTCAE grade 3 to 4) renal toxicity Withhold Erlotinib tablet * and consider discontinuation Gastrointestinal † Gastrointestinal perforation Discontinue Erlotinib tablet For persistent severe diarrhea not responsive to medical management (e.g., loperamide) Withhold Erlotinib tablet * Skin † Severe bullous, blistering or exfoliating skin conditions Discontinue Erlotinib tablet For severe rash not responsive to medical management Withhold Erlotinib tablet * Ocular † Corneal perforation or severe ulceration Discontinue Erlotinib tablet For keratitis of (NCI-CTC version 4.0) grade 3-4 or for grade 2 lasting more than 2 weeks Withhold Erlotinib tablet * For acute/worsening ocular disorders such as eye pain Withhold Erlotinib tablet * and consider discontinuation Drug Interactions CYP3A4 inhibitors ‡ If severe reactions occur with concomitant use of strong \ CYP3A4 inhibitors [such as atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, ketoconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, troleandomycin (TAO), voriconazole, or grapefruit or grapefruit juice] or when using concomitantly with an inhibitor of both CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 (e.g., ciprofloxacin Reduce erlotinib by 50 mg decrements; avoid concomitant use if possible CYP3A4 inducers ‡ Concomitant use with CYP3A4 inducers, such as rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, or St. John's Wort Increase erlotinib by 50 mg increments at 2-week intervals to a maximum of 450 mg as tolerated. Avoid concomitant use if possible Concurrent Cigarette Smoking ‡§ Concurrent cigarette smoking Increase erlotinib by 50 mg increments at 2-week intervals to a maximum of 300 mg. Immediately reduce the dose of erlotinib tablet to the recommended dose (150 mg or 100 mg daily) upon cessation of smoking Proton Pump inhibitors Separation of doses may not eliminate the interaction since proton pump inhibitors affect the pH of the upper GI tract for an extended period Avoid concomitant use if possible H2-receptor antagonists If treatment with an H2-receptor antagonist such as ranitidine is required, separate dosing. Erlotinib tablet must be taken 10 hours after the H2-receptor antagonist dosing and at least 2 hours before the next dose of the H2 receptor antagonist Antacids The effect of antacids on erlotinib pharmacokinetics has not been evaluated The antacid dose and the erlotinib dose should be separated by several hours, if an antacid is necessary † For additional information see Warnings and Precautions ( 5 ). * Reduce erlotinib by 50 mg decrements when restarting therapy following withholding treatment for a dose-limiting toxicity that has resolved to baseline or grade ≤ 1. ‡ For additional information see Drug Interactions ( 7 ). § For additional information see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )

Side Effects Overview

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions, which may include fatalities, are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling: Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Renal Failure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Hepatotoxicity with or without Hepatic Impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] Gastrointestinal Perforation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] Bullous and Exfoliative Skin Disorders [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5) ] Cerebrovascular Accident [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6) ] Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia with Thrombocytopenia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7) ] Ocular Disorders [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8) ] Hemorrhage in Patients Taking Warfarin [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) with erlotinib tablets from a pooled analysis in patients with NSCLC across all approved lines of therapy, with and without EGFR mutations, and in patients with pancreatic cancer were rash, diarrhea, anorexia, fatigue, dyspnea, cough, nausea, and vomiting. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact 1-888-557-1212 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or http://www.fda.gov/medwatch 6.1 Clinical Trials Safety Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Safety evaluation of erlotinib tablet is based on more than 1200 cancer patients who received erlotinib tablet as monotherapy, more than 300 patients who received erlotinib tablet 100 or 150 mg plus gemcitabine, and 1228 patients who received erlotinib tablet concurrently with other chemotherapies. The most common adverse reactions with erlotinib tablet are rash and diarrhea usually with onset during the first month of treatment. The incidences of rash and diarrhea from clinical studies of erlotinib tablet for the treatment of NSCLC and pancreatic cancer were 70% for rash and 42% for diarrhea. Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer First-Line Treatment of Patients with EGFR Mutations The most frequent (≥ 30%) adverse reactions in erlotinib tablets-treated patients were diarrhea, asthenia, rash, cough, dyspnea, and decreased appetite. In erlotinib tablets-treated patients the median time to onset of rash was 15 days and the median time to onset of diarrhea was 32 days. The most frequent Grade 3-4 adverse reactions in erlotinib tablets-treated patients were rash and diarrhea. Dose interruptions or reductions due to adverse reactions occurred in 37% of erlotinib tabletstreated patients, and 14.3% of erlotinib tablets-treated patients discontinued therapy due to adverse reactions. In erlotinib tablets-treated patients, the most frequently reported adverse reactions leading to dose modification were rash (13%), diarrhea (10%), and asthenia (3.6%). Common adverse reactions in Study 1,occurring in at least 10% of patients who received erlotinib tablets or chemotherapy and an increase in ≥ 5% in the erlotinib tablets-treated group, are graded by National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0 (NCI-CTCAE v3.0) Grade in Table 1. The median duration of erlotinib tablets treatment was 9.6 months in Study 1. Table 1: Adverse Reactions with an Incidence Rate ≥ 10% and an Increase of ≥ 5% in the erlotinib tablets-Treated Group (Study 1) Erlotinib Tablets N = 84 Chemotherapy † N = 83 Adverse Reaction All Grades % Grades 3-4 % All Grades % Grades 3-4 % Rash ‡ 85 14 5 0 Diarrhea 62 5 21 1 Cough 48 1 40 0 Dyspnea 45 8 30 4 Dry skin 21 1 2 0 Back pain 19 2 5 0 Chest pain 18 1 12 0 Conjunctivitis 18 0 0 0 Mucosal inflammation 18 1 6 0 Pruritus 16 0 1 0 Paronychia 14 0 0 0 Arthralgia 13 1 6 1 Musculoskeletal pain 11 1 1 0 † Platinum-based chemotherapy (cisplatin or carboplatin with gemcitabine or docetaxel). ‡ Rash as a composite term includes rash, acne, folliculitis, erythema, acneiform dermatitis, dermatitis, palmarplantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, exfoliative rash, erythematous rash, rash pruritic, skin toxicity, eczema, follicular rash, skin ulcer. Hepatic Toxicity: One erlotinib-treated patient experienced fatal hepatic failure and four additional patients experienced grade 3-4 liver test abnormalities in Study 1 [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Maintenance Treatment Adverse reactions, regardless of causality, that occurred in at least 3% of patients treated with single-agent erlotinib tablets at 150 mg and at least 3% more often than in the placebo group in the randomized maintenance trial (Study 3) are summarized by NCI-CTCAE v3.0 Grade in Table 2. The most common adverse reactions in patients receiving single-agent erlotinib tablets 150 mg were rash and diarrhea. Grade 3-4 rash and diarrhea occurred in 9% and 2%, respectively, in erlotinib tablets-treated patients. Rash and diarrhea resulted in study discontinuation in 1% and 0.5% of erlotinib tablets-treated patients, respectively. Dose reduction or interruption for rash and diarrhea was needed in 5% and 3% of patients, respectively. In erlotinib tablets-treated patients the median time to onset of rash was 10 days, and the median time to onset of diarrhea was 15 days. Table 2: NSCLC Maintenance Study: Adverse Reactions Occurring with an Incidence Rate ≥ 10% and an Increase of ≥ 5% in the Single-Agent Erlotinib Tablets Group compared to the Placebo Group (Study 3) Adverse Reaction ERLOTINIB TABLETS N = 433 PLACEBO N = 445 Any Grade % Grade 3% Grade 4% Any Grade % Grade 3% Grade 4% Rash † 60 9 0 9 0 0 Diarrhea 20 2 0 4 0 0 † Rash as a composite term includes: rash, acne, acneiform dermatitis, skin fissures, erythema, papular rash, rash generalized, pruritic rash, skin exfoliation, urticaria, dermatitis, eczema, exfoliative rash, exfoliative dermatitis, furuncle, macular rash, pustular rash, skin hyperpigmentation, skin reaction, skin ulcer. Liver test abnormalities including ALT elevations were observed at Grade 2 or greater severity in 3% of erlotinib tablets-treated patients and 1% of placebo-treated patients. Grade 2 and above bilirubin elevations were observed in 5% of erlotinib tablets patients and in < 1% in the placebo group [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ] . Second/Third Line Treatment Adverse reactions, regardless of causality, that occurred in at least 10% of patients treated with single-agent erlotinib tablets at 150 mg and at least 5% more often than in the placebo group in the randomized trial of patients with NSCLC are summarized by NCI-CTC v2.0 Grade in Table 3. The most common adverse reactions in this patient population were rash and diarrhea. Grade 3-4 rash and diarrhea occurred in 9% and 6%, respectively, in erlotinib tablets -treated patients. Rash and diarrhea each resulted in study discontinuation in 1% of erlotinib tablets -treated patients. Six percent and 1% of patients needed dose reduction for rash and diarrhea, respectively. The median time to onset of rash was 8 days, and the median time to onset of diarrhea was 12 days. Table 3: NSCLC 2 nd /3 rd Line Study: Adverse Reactions Occurring with an Incidence Rate ≥ 10% and an Increase of ≥ 5% in the Single-Agent Erlotinib Tablets Group Compared to the Placebo Group (Study 4) Adverse Reaction ERLOTINIB TABLETS 150 mg N = 485 PLACEBO N = 242 Any Grade % Grade 3% Grade 4% Any Grade % Grade 3% Grade 4% Rash † 75 8 < 1 17 0 0 Diarrhea 54 6 < 1 18 < 1 0 Anorexia 52 8 1 38 5 < 1 Fatigue 52 14 4 45 16 4 Dyspnea 41 17 1 35 15 11 Nausea 33 3 1 24 2 0 Infection 24 4 0 15 2 0 Stomatitis 17 < 1 0 3 0 0 Pruritus 13 < 1 0 5 0 0 Dry skin 12 0 0 4 0 0 Conjunctivitis 12 < 1 0 2 < 1 0 Keratoconjunctivitis sicca 12 0 0 3 0 0 † Rash as a composite term includes: rash, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, acne, skin disorder, pigmentation disorder, erythema, skin ulcer, exfoliative dermatitis, papular rash, skin desquamation. Liver function test abnormalities [including elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and bilirubin] were observed in patients receiving single-agent erlotinib tablet 150 mg. These elevations were mainly transient or associated with liver metastases. Grade 2 [>2.5–5.0 x upper limit of normal (ULN)] ALT elevations occurred in 4% and< 1% of erlotinib tablets and placebo treated patients, respectively. Grade 3 (>5.0–20.0 x ULN) elevations were not observed in erlotinib tablets-treated patients. Erlotinib tablets dosing should be interrupted or discontinued if changes in liver function are severe [see Dosage and Administration (2.4)]. Pancreatic Cancer - erlotinib tablets Administered Concurrently with Gemcitabine This was a randomized, double–blind, placebo-controlled study of erlotinib tablets (150 mg or 100 mg daily) or placebo plus gemcitabine (1000 mg/m 2 by intravenous infusion) in patients with locally advanced, unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer (Study 5). The safety population comprised 282 patients in the erlotinib group (259 in the 100 mg cohort and 23 in the 150 mg cohort) and 280 patients in the placebo group (256 in the 100 mg cohort and 24 in the 150 mg cohort). Adverse reactions that occurred in at least 10% of patients treated with erlotinib tablet 100 mg plus gemcitabine in the randomized trial of patients with pancreatic cancer (Study 5) were graded according to NCI-CTC v2.0 in Table 4. The most common adverse reactions in pancreatic cancer patients receiving erlotinib tablet 100 mg plus gemcitabine were fatigue, rash, nausea, anorexia and diarrhea. In the erlotinib tablets plus gemcitabine arm, Grade 3-4 rash and diarrhea were each reported in 5% of patients. The median time to onset of rash and diarrhea was 10 days and 15 days, respectively. Rash and diarrhea each resulted in dose reductions in 2% of patients, and resulted in study discontinuation in up to 1% of patients receiving erlotinib tablet plus gemcitabine. Severe adverse reactions (≥ Grade 3 NCI-CTC) in the erlotinib tablet plus gemcitabine group with incidences < 5% included syncope, arrhythmias, ileus, pancreatitis, hemolytic anemia including microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with thrombocytopenia, myocardial infarction/ischemia, cerebrovascular accidents including cerebral hemorrhage, and renal insufficiency[see Warnings and Precautions (5) ]. The 150 mg cohort was associated with a higher rate of certain class-specific adverse reactions including rash and required more frequent dose reduction or interruption. Table 4: Adverse Reactions Occurring with an Incidence Rate ≥ 10% and an Increase of ≥ 5% in erlotinib tablets-Treated Pancreatic Cancer Patients: 100 mg Cohort (Study 5) Adverse Reaction Erlotinib + Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 IV N = 259 Placebo + Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 IV N = 256 Any Grade% Grade3% Grade4% Any Grade% Grade3% Grade4% Rash † 70 5 0 30 1 0 Diarrhea 48 5 < 1 36 2 0 Decreased weight 39 2 0 29 < 1 0 Infection * 39 13 3 30 9 2 Pyrexia 36 3 0 30 4 0 Stomatitis 22 < 1 0 12 0 0 Depression 19 2 0 14 < 1 0 Cough 16 0 0 11 0 0 Headache 15 < 1 0 10 0 0 * Infections as a composite term include infections with unspecified pathogens as well as bacterial (including chlamydial, rickettsial, mycobacterial and mycoplasmal), parasitic (including helminthic, ectoparasitic and protozoal), viral and fungal infectious disorders. † Rash as a composite term includes: rash, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, pigmentation disorder, acneiform dermatitis, folliculitis, photosensitivity reaction, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, urticaria, erythematous rash, skin disorder, skin ulcer. Ten patients (4%) in the erlotinib/gemcitabine group and three patients (1%) in the placebo/gemcitabine group developed deep venous thrombosis. The overall incidence of grade 3 or 4 thrombotic events, including deep venous thrombosis was 11% for Erlotinib tablets plus gemcitabine and 9% for placebo plus gemcitabine. The incidences of liver test abnormalities (≥ Grade 2) in Study 5 are provided in Table 5 [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.3) ]. Table 5: Liver Test Abnormalities in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: 100 mg Cohort (Study 5) E rlotinib + Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 IV N = 259 Placebo + Gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 IV N = 256 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Bilirubin 17% 10% < 1% 11% 10% 3% ALT 31% 13% < 1% 22% 9% 0% AST 24% 10% < 1% 19% 9% 0% NSCLC and Pancreatic Indications: Selected Low Frequency Adverse Reactions Gastrointestinal Disorders Cases of gastrointestinal bleeding (including fatalities) have been reported, some associated with concomitant warfarin or NSAID administration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) and Drug Interactions (7) ] . These adverse reactions were reported as peptic ulcer bleeding (gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcers), hematemesis, hematochezia, melena and hemorrhage from possible colitis. 6.2 Post-Marketing Experience The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of erlotinib tablets. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure. Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders: Myopathy, including rhabdomyolysis, in combination with statin therapy. Eye Disorders: ocular inflammation including uveitis.

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Dược động học

12.3 Pharmacokinetics Absorption Erlotinib is about 60% absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma levels occur 4 hours after dosing. Effect of Food Food increased the bioavailability of erlotinib to approximately 100%. Distribution: Erlotinib is 93% protein bound to plasma albumin and alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG). Erlotinib has an apparent volume of distribution of 232 liters. Elimination Erlotinib is eliminated with a median half-life of 36.2 hours in patients receiving the single-agent erlotinib tablets 2 nd /3 rd line regimen. Time to reach steady state plasma concentration would therefore be 7-8 days. Metabolism Erlotinib is metabolized primarily by CYP3A4 and to a lesser extent by CYP1A2, and the extrahepatic isoform CYP1A1, in vitro . Excretion Following a 100 mg oral dose, 91% of the dose was recovered: 83% in feces (1% of the dose as intact parent) and 8% in urine (0.3% of the dose as intact parent). Specific Populations Neither age, body weight, nor gender had a clinically significant effect on the systemic exposure of nd rd erlotinib in NSCLC patients receiving single-agent erlotinib tablets for 2 nd /3 rd line treatment or for maintenance treatment, and in pancreatic cancer patients who received erlotinib plus gemcitabine. The pharmacokinetics of erlotinib tablets in patients with compromised renal function is unknown. Patients with Hepatic Impairment In vitro and in vivo evidence suggest that erlotinib is cleared primarily by the liver. However, erlotinib exposure was similar in patients with moderately impaired hepatic function (Child-Pugh B) compared with patients with adequate hepatic function including patients with primary liver cancer or hepatic metastases. Patients That Smoke Tobacco Cigarettes In a single-dose pharmacokinetics trial in healthy volunteers, cigarette smoking (moderate CYP1A2 inducer) increased erlotinib clearance and decreased erlotinib AUC0-inf by 64% (95% CI, 46-76%) in current smokers compared with former/never smokers. In a NSCLC trial, current smokers achieved erlotinib steady-state trough plasma concentrations which were approximately 2-fold less than the former smokers or patients who had never smoked. This effect was accompanied by a 24% increase in apparent erlotinib plasma clearance. In another study which was conducted in NSCLC patients who were current smokers, pharmacokinetic analyses at steady-state indicated a dose-proportional increase in erlotinib exposure when the erlotinib tablets dose was increased from 150 mg to 300 mg. [see Dosage and Administration (2.4) , Drug Interactions (7) and Patient Counseling Information (17) ] . Drug Interaction Studies Co-administration of gemcitabine had no effect on erlotinib plasma clearance. CYP3A4 Inhibitors Co-administration with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, ketoconazole, increased erlotinib AUC by 67%.Co-administration with a combined CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 inhibitor, ciprofloxacin, increased erlotinib exposure [AUC] by 39%, and increased erlotinib maximum concentration [C max ] by 17%. [see Dose Modifications (2.4) , Drug Interactions (7) ] . CYP3A4 Inducers Pre-treatment with the CYP3A4 inducer rifampicin, for 7-11 days prior to erlotinib tablets, decreased erlotinib AUC by 58% to 80% [see Dose Modifications (2.4) , Drug Interactions (7) ] . CYP1A2 Inducers or Smoking Tobacco See Specific Populations Section [see Dose Modifications (2.4) , Drug Interactions (7) ] . Drugs that Increase Gastric pH Erlotinib solubility is pH dependent and decreases as pH increases. When a proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole) was co-administered with erlotinib tablets the erlotinib exposure [AUC] was decreased by 46% and the erlotinib maximum concentration [C max ] was decreased by 61%. When erlotinib tablets was administered 2 hours following a 300 mg dose of an H-2 receptor antagonist (ranitidine), the erlotinib AUC was reduced by 33% and the erlotinib C max was reduced by 54%. When erlotinib tablets was administered with ranitidine 150 mg twice daily (at least 10 h after the previous ranitidine evening dose and 2 h before the ranitidine morning dose), the erlotinib AUC was decreased by 15% and the erlotinib C max was decreased by 17% [see Dose Modifications (2.4) , Drug Interactions (7) ] .

Frequently Asked Questions

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Erlotinib tablet is a kinase inhibitor indicated for: The treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test receiving first-line, maintenance, or second or greater line treatment after progression following at least one prior chemotherapy regimen ( 1.1 ) First-line treatment of patients with locally advanced, unrespectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer, in …

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION NSCLC: 150mg orally, on an empty stomach, once daily ( 2.2 ) Pancreatic cancer: 100 mg orally, on an empty stomach, once daily. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Selection of Patients with Metastatic NSCLC Select patients for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC with erlotinib tablets based on the presence of EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations in tumor or plasma specimens [see Clinical Studies (14.1 , 14.2) ] . If these mutations are …

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS Interstitial lung disease (ILD) : Occurs in 1.1% of patients. Withhold erlotinib tablets for acute onset of new or progressive unexplained pulmonary symptoms, such as dyspnea, cough and fever. Discontinue erlotinib if ILD is diagnosed. ( 5.1 ) Renal failure : Monitor renal function and electrolytes, particularly in patients at risk of dehydration. Withhold erlotinib tablets for severe renal toxicity. ( 5.2 ) Hepatotoxicity : Occurs with or without hepatic impairment, including hepatic failure and hepatorenal …

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None None ( 4 )

Erlotinib Hydrochloride is a prescription medication. You will need a valid prescription from a licensed healthcare provider.

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Data sources: ChEMBL, PubChem, DailyMed.