Acetaminophen

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE Acetaminophen injection is indicated for • the management of mild to moderate pain in adult and pediatric patients 2 years and older • the management of moderate to severe pain with adjunctive opioid analgesics in adult and pediatric patients 2 years and older • the reduction of fever in adult and pediatric patients. Acetaminophen injection is indicated for the • Management of mild to moderate pain in adult and pediatric patients 2 years and older (1) • Management of moderate to severe pain with adjunctive opioid analgesics in adult and pediatric patients 2 years and older (1) • Reduction of fever in adult and pediatric patients (1)

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION • Acetaminophen injection may be given as a single or repeated dose. (2.1) • Acetaminophen injection should be administered only as a 15-minute intravenous infusion. (2.4) Adults and Adolescents Weighing 50 kg and Over: • 1000 mg every 6 hours or 650 mg every 4 hours to a maximum of 4000 mg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.2) Adults and Adolescents Weighing Under 50 kg: • 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours to a maximum of 75 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.2) Children: • Children 2 to 12 years of age: 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours to a maximum of 75 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 4 hours. (2.3) Neonates and Infants: • Neonates including premature neonates born at ≥ 32 weeks gestational age to 28 days chronological age, 12.5 mg/kg every 6 hours to a maximum of 50 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 6 hours. (2.4) • Infants (29 days to 2 years of age): 15 mg/kg every 6 hours to a maximum of 60 mg/kg per day. Minimum dosing interval of 6 hours. (2.4) 2.1 General Dosing Information Acetaminophen injection may be given as a single or repeated dose for the treatment of acute pain or fever. No dose adjustment is required when converting between oral acetaminophen and acetaminophen injection dosing in adults and adolescents who weigh 50 kg and above. Calculated maximum daily dose of acetaminophen is based on all routes of administration (i.e., intravenous, oral, and rectal) and all products containing acetaminophen. Exceeding the maximum mg/kg daily dose of acetaminophen as described in Tables 1 to 3 may result in hepatic injury, including the risk of liver failure and death. To avoid the risk of overdose, ensure that the total amount of acetaminophen from all routes and from all sources does not exceed the maximum recommended dose. 2.2 Recommended Dosage: Adults and Adolescents Adults and adolescents weighing 50 kg and over: the recommended dosage of acetaminophen injection is 1000 mg every 6 hours or 650 mg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of acetaminophen injection of 1000 mg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 4000 mg per day (includes all routes of administration and all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products). Adults and adolescents weighing under 50 kg: the recommended dosage of acetaminophen injection is 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of acetaminophen injection of 15 mg/kg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 75 mg/kg per day (includes all routes of administration and all acetaminophen-containing products including combination products). Table 1. Dosing for Adults and Adolescents Age group Dose given every 4 hours Dose given every 6 hours Maximum single dose Maximum total daily dose of acetaminophen (by all routes) Adults and adolescents (13 years and older) weighing ≥ 50 kg 650 mg 1000 mg 1000 mg 4000 mg in 24 hours Adults and adolescents (13 years and older) weighing < 50 kg 12.5 mg/kg 15 mg/kg 15 mg/kg (up to 750 mg) 75 mg/kg in 24 hours (up to 3750 mg) 2.3 Recommended Dosage: Children Children 2 to 12 years of age: the recommended dosage of acetaminophen injection is 15 mg/kg every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg every 4 hours, with a maximum single dose of acetaminophen injection of 15 mg/kg, a minimum dosing interval of 4 hours, and a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 75 mg/kg per day. Table 2. Dosing for Children Age group Dose given every 4 hours Dose given every 6 hours Maximum single dose Maximum total daily dose of acetaminophen (by all routes) Children 2 to 12 years of age 12.5 mg/kg 15 mg/kg 15 mg/kg (up to 750 mg) 75 mg/kg in 24 hours (up to 3750 mg) 2.4 Recommended Dosage For Treatment of Fever in Neonates and Infants Neonates, including premature neonates born at ≥ 32 weeks gestational age, up to 28 days chronological age: the recommended dosage of acetaminophen injection is 12.5 mg/kg every 6 hours, to a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 50 mg/kg per day, with a minimum dosing interval of 6 hours. Infants 29 days to 2 years of age: the recommended dosage of acetaminophen injection is 15 mg/kg every 6 hours, to a maximum daily dose of acetaminophen of 60 mg/kg per day, with a minimum dosing interval of 6 hours. Table 3. Dosing for Treatment of Fever in Neonates and Infants Age group Dose given every 6 hours Maximum total daily dose of acetaminophen (by all routes) Neonates (birth to 28 days) 12.5 mg/kg 50 mg/kg Infants (29 days to 2 years) 15 mg/kg 60 mg/kg 2.5 Instructions for Intravenous Administration For adult and adolescent patients weighing ≥ 50 kg requiring 1000 mg doses of acetaminophen injection, administer the dose by inserting a non-vented intravenous set through the administration spike port of the 100 mL bag. Acetaminophen injection may be administered without further dilution. Examine the container contents before dose preparation or administering. DO NOT USE if particulate matter or discoloration is observed. Administer the contents of the container intravenously over 15 minutes. Use aseptic technique when preparing acetaminophen injection for intravenous infusion. Do not add other medications to the acetaminophen injection infusion device. For doses less than 1000 mg, the appropriate dose must be withdrawn from the container and placed into a separate container prior to administration. Using aseptic technique, withdraw the appropriate dose (650 mg or weight-based) from an intact sealed acetaminophen injection container and place the measured dose in a separate empty, sterile container (e.g., glass bottle, plastic intravenous container, or syringe) for intravenous infusion to avoid the inadvertent delivery and administration of the total volume of the commercially available container. The entire 100 mL container of acetaminophen injection is not intended for use in patients weighing less than 50 kg. Acetaminophen injection is supplied in a single-dose container and the unused portion must be discarded. Place small volume pediatric doses up to 60 mL in volume in a syringe and administer over 15 minutes using a syringe pump. Monitor the end of the infusion in order to prevent the possibility of an air embolism, especially in cases where the acetaminophen injection for infusion is the primary infusion. Once the container seal has been penetrated, or the contents transferred to another container, administer the dose of acetaminophen injection within 6 hours. For bags, refrain from applying excessive pressure causing distortion to the bag, such as wringing or twisting, since such handling could result in breakage of the bag. Do not add other medications to the acetaminophen injection solution. Diazepam and chlorpromazine hydrochloride are physically incompatible with acetaminophen injection, therefore do not administer simultaneously.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: • Hepatic Injury [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] • Serious Skin Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] • Allergy and Hypersensitivity [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] The most common adverse reactions in patients treated with acetaminophen injection were nausea, vomiting, headache, and insomnia in adult patients; nausea, vomiting, constipation, and pruritus in pediatric patients. (6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Baxter Healthcare Corporation at 1-877-725-2747 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed cannot be directly compared to rates in other clinical trials and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adult Population A total of 1020 adult patients have received acetaminophen injection in clinical trials, including 37.3% (n=380) who received 5 or more doses, and 17.0% (n=173) who received more than 10 doses. Most patients were treated with acetaminophen injection 1000 mg every 6 hours. A total of 13.1% (n=134) received acetaminophen injection 650 mg every 4 hours. All adverse reactions that occurred in adult patients treated with either acetaminophen injection or placebo in repeated dose, placebo-controlled clinical trials at an incidence ≥ 3% and at a greater frequency than placebo are listed in Table 4. The most common adverse events in adult patients treated with acetaminophen injection (incidence ≥ 5% and greater than placebo) were nausea, vomiting, headache, and insomnia. Table 4. Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reactions Occurring in ≥ 3% of Acetaminophen Injection-treated Adult Patients and at a Greater Frequency than Placebo in Placebo-Controlled, Repeated Dose Studies System Organ Class – Preferred Term Acetaminophen Injection (N=402) n (%) Placebo (N=379) n (%) Gastrointestinal Disorders Nausea 138 (34) 119 (31) Vomiting 62 (15) 42 (11) General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions Pyrexia * 22 (5) 52 (14) Nervous System Disorders Headache 39 (10) 33 (9) Psychiatric Disorders Insomnia 30 (7) 21 (5) * Pyrexia adverse reaction frequency data is included in order to alert healthcare practitioners that the antipyretic effects of acetaminophen injection may mask fever. Other Adverse Reactions Observed During Clinical Studies of Acetaminophen Injection in Adults The following additional treatment-emergent adverse reactions were reported by adult subjects treated with acetaminophen injection in all clinical trials (n=1020) that occurred with an incidence of at least 1% and at a frequency greater than placebo (n=525). Blood and lymphatic system disorders : anemia General disorders and administration site conditions : fatigue, infusion site pain, edema peripheral Investigations : aspartate aminotransferase increased, breath sounds abnormal Metabolism and nutrition disorders : hypokalemia Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders : muscle spasms, trismus Psychiatric disorders : anxiety Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders : dyspnea Vascular disorders : hypertension, hypotension Pediatric Population A total of 483 pediatric patients (72 neonates, 167 infants, 171 children, and 73 adolescents) have received acetaminophen injection in active-controlled (n=250) and open-label clinical trials (n=225), including 43.9% (n=212) who received 5 or more doses and 31.2% (n=153) who received more than 10 doses. Pediatric patients received acetaminophen injection doses up to 15 mg/kg on an every 4 hours, every 6 hours, or every 8 hours schedule. The maximum exposure was 7.7, 6.4, 6.8, and 7.1 days in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents, respectively. The most common adverse events (incidence ≥ 5%) in pediatric patients treated with acetaminophen injection were nausea, vomiting, constipation, and pruritus. Other Adverse Reactions Observed During Clinical Studies of Acetaminophen Injection in Pediatrics The following additional treatment-emergent adverse reactions were reported by pediatric subjects treated with acetaminophen injection (n=483) that occurred with an incidence of at least 1%. Blood and lymphatic system disorders : anemia Gastrointestinal disorders : diarrhea General disorders and administration site conditions : pyrexia, injection site pain Metabolism and nutrition disorders : hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypophosphatemia Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders : muscle spasm Nervous system disorders : headache Psychiatric disorders : agitation Renal and urinary disorders : oliguria Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders : atelectasis, pleural effusion, pulmonary edema, stridor, wheezing Vascular disorders : hypotension, hypertension

12.3 Pharmacokinetics Distribution The pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen injection have been studied in patients and healthy subjects up to 60 years old. The pharmacokinetic profile of acetaminophen has been demonstrated to be dose proportional in adults following administration of single doses of 500, 650, and 1000 mg. The maximum concentration (C max ) occurs at the end of the 15-minute intravenous infusion of acetaminophen injection. Compared to the same dose of oral acetaminophen, the C max following administration of acetaminophen injection is up to 70% higher, while overall exposure (area under the concentration time curve [AUC]) is very similar. Pharmacokinetic parameters of acetaminophen injection (AUC, C max , terminal elimination half-life [T 1/2 ], systemic clearance [CL], and volume of distribution at steady-state [Vss]) following administration of a single intravenous dose of 15 mg/kg in children and adolescents and 1000 mg in adults are summarized in Table 5. Table 5. Acetaminophen Injection Pharmacokinetic Parameters Subpopulations Mean (SD) AUC 0-6h (mcg × h/mL) C max (mcg/mL) T 1/2 (h) CL (L/h/kg) Vss (L/kg) Children 38 (8) 29 (7) 3.0 (1.5) 0.34 (0.10) 1.2 (0.3) Adolescents 41 (7) 31 (9) 2.9 (0.7) 0.29 (0.08) 1.1 (0.3) Adults 43 (11) 28 (21) 2.4 (0.6) 0.27 (0.08) 0.8 (0.2) The concentrations of acetaminophen observed in neonates greater than 32 weeks gestational age at birth treated with 12.5 mg/kg dose are similar to infants, children and adolescents treated with a 15 mg/kg dose, and similar to adults treated with a 1000 mg dose. At therapeutic levels, binding of acetaminophen to plasma proteins is low (ranging from 10% to 25%). Acetaminophen appears to be widely distributed throughout most body tissues except fat. Metabolism and Excretion Acetaminophen is primarily metabolized in the liver by first-order kinetics and involves three principal separate pathways: Conjugation with glucuronide, conjugation with sulfate, and oxidation via the cytochrome P450 enzyme pathway, primarily CYP2E1, to form a reactive intermediate metabolite (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine or NAPQI). With therapeutic doses, NAPQI undergoes rapid conjugation with glutathione and is then further metabolized to form cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates. Acetaminophen metabolites are mainly excreted in the urine. Less than 5% is excreted in the urine as unconjugated (free) acetaminophen and more than 90% of the administered dose is excreted within 24 hours.